Pump



sept. 5, 1939.v `A B,Y Smm 2,172;11o.. PUMP Filed sept. 2,1956 4 sheets-shea 2 v ATTORNEY sept. 5, 1939. A. B. SABIN 2,172,110

PUMP

Filed Sept. 2, 1.956 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 77 62 75 ',.'O// 72/44 F'1-E 7 75 62 44 5 Q46 45 55 III! g5 g5 65 59 6? 54 44 77 4Z` O1 747 A75 F1EE E f 46 66 65 l INVENTOR;

65 ,4/*7'60 jab/f7 ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 5, 1.939

Unirse srares enr omer:

Application September 6 Claims.

This invention relates in general to displacement pumps and in particularto displacement pumps wherein the displacement is effected pneumatically rather than by mechanically moving parts.

In general, the object of the invention is the provision of a displacement pump comprising a pump chamber having inlet and outlet check valves at its lower end and provided with means whereby a differential pressure may be altervnately created between the inlet check valve and the pump chamberin the direction of the pump chamber and between the pump chamber and the outlet check valve in the direction of the outlet check valve, to alternately iill the pump chamberwith slurry and empty it.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an-improved check Valve.

Still av further object of the invention is the provision of afloat operated valve mechanism for controlling the air pressure within the pump chamber in relation to the level of the slurry within the chamber.

The invention possesses other advantageous features,.some of which with vthe foregoing will be set forth at length in the following description where that form of theinvention which has been selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of the present speciflcation is outlined in full. In said drawings, one form of the invention is shown, but it is to be understood that it isnot limited to such form, since the invention` assetiorth in the claims may r be-embodied in aplurality of.forms,

Referring to the drawings:

Figure V1 is a transverse .verticalrsection of a displacement v.pump embodying the objects-of my invention.

V,Figure y2 is' aplan kviewfof the displacement pump shown in Figure l with the cover of the valve head removed.

Figure 3 is avertical section taken on the line 3 3 of Figure l.

v Figure lis a plan view of the core of oneV of the slurrycheck valves.

AFigure 5 is an end View of the core shown in Figure 4.

rFigure 6-is a vertical sectionof one of the air valves taken ontheline '6 6 of Figure 2 with one ofthe air valves shown inits open position.

Figure 7 is a vertical section of one of the air valves taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 2 with one of the air valves sho-wn in its closed-position.

"FigureS is a section similarfto that shown in 2, 1936, serial N0. 99,057

Figure 7 but with the air valve shown in its open position.

Figure 9 is a section taken on the line 9 9 of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is'a vertical section taken through a modified displacement valve wherein a rubber diaphragm has been utilized in place of a float.

As' best shown in Figure 1, my displacement pump comprises a pump chamber I having a general conical body member 2 and terminating at its upper end in a cylindrical portion 3 provided with a. iange 4, and at its lower end in a cylindrical member 5 provided with a ange 6.

Formed within the pump chamber I is a lioat chamber or cage 'I having vertically extending slots 8 and apertures 9 Vfor establishing communication between the float and pump chambers. Extending laterally of the cylindrical portion 5 is a pair of diametrically opposed cylindrical portions II and I2 terminating respectively in flanges I3 and I4. The cylindrical portion II is provided with a boss I5 through which is threaded a set screw It adapted to-.be locked in any pre- ,Y

determined position by a lock nut il. The outer end ofthe cylindrical portion I I isl provided with inwardly extending beveled lips i8, located opposite to the inner end of the set screw I6. The lower end of the cylindrical member 5 serves as an inspection port and is Vnormally closed by means of a cover plate I0 bolted to the ange 5. An :inspection port may also be provided on therear side of the pump as indicated in Figure 1. `The cylindrical portions II and I2 serve respectively as a slurry inlet and outlet.

Secured to the flange I3 by any suitable means such as bolts is a slurry intake tting I9 and secured to the diametrically opposed iiange I4 in the same manner is a slurry outlet tting 2|. The fitting 2I is provided with a boss 22 in which is threaded a set screw 23 adapted to be locked in any desired position by lock nut 24.

lDisposed within the fitting 2l diametrically opposite the lower end of the set screw 23 are ,beveled ledges 25.. Y The cuter face or the slurry intake iitting I9 is provided with a threaded `sleeve 2S and threaded in the sleeve 26 is an elbow 21 which in turn is connected with a conduit 28 communicating with a source of pulp or slurry. Formed on the inner face of the fitting 2I is a threaded sleeve 29 and threaded in the sleeve 29 isa nipple 3I. The free end of the nipple 3| extends downwardly towards the lower portion of the pump chamber so that all slurry delivered from the pump is taken from its lowermost portion.

1 the valve head 4| may be air tight.

Secured against the inner face of the intake fitting i9 by means of the beveled lips I8 and the set screw i6 isa valve core 32 (see Figures 4 and A similar valve core 33 is secured against the outer face of the outlet fitting 2l by means of the set screw 23 and the beveled ledges 25. If desired, a gasket may be interposed between the valve cores and the faces against which they seat, in order to make a liquid-tight joint. The valve cores 32 and 33 are identical and as shown in Figures 4 and 5 comprise a cylindrical body portion 34 having an annular groove 35. One end oi the body portion is provided with beveled lugs 35, while the other end is flattened or pinched and provided with spaced grids 31. Secured over the attened end of the core by means of a wire band 38 is a short length of ilexible hose 39 (see Figure l). From an inspection of Figure 5, it will be seen that the grid 31 may be considered as defining a long slot passing through the axis of the core and a plurality of transverse slots. These slots permit the egress of slurry from the core while the grids prevent the collapse of the hose into the core when the valve is in its closed position as shown in connection with the core 32 shown in Figure l. It is contemplated that instead of resorting to a core provided with grids for preventing the collapse of the hose into the core, longitudinally extending wire reinforcements Ymay be molded in the hose.

To the flange 4 of the cylindrical portion 3 forming the upper end of the pump chamber I is bolted a ilanged valve head 4|. Extending upwardly along the axis of the valve head 4| is a rectangular support or post 42 terminating at its upper end in a threaded stud 43 and disposed over the valve head 4| is a cap 44 adapted to seat in a peripheral groove 45 formed in the upper end of the valve head. A gasket 45 may be interposed between the engaging surfaces ofV the cap 44 and the valve head 4|, and a gasket 41 interposed between the engaging surfaces of the cap 44 and the post 42 so that the compartment or air chamber formed by the cap 44 and A wing nut 48 threaded on the stud 43 serves to lock the cap 44 in a sealed relation to the valve head 4|. The lower face of the valve head 4| is provided i with a recess 49 and extending upwardly from the recess 49 is a vertical bore 5|.

Formed on the left hand side of the valve head 4I is a pair of vertical bores 52 and 53'symmetrically spaced with respect to a plane passing through the axis of the bore 5| and the axis of the valve head. The bores 5|, 52, and 53 are intersected by a horizontal bore 54. The bores 52 and 53 are also intersected respectively by bores 55 and 551. The right hand end of the bore 54 is threaded to accommodate either a plug or a pipe fitting and 'i the lower ends of the bores 52 and 53 are threaded in order to accommodate plugs 51 and V58. The outer ends of the bores 55 and 55 are threaded in order to receive respectively a low pressure air line connection and a high pressure air line connection or atmospheric connection. Depending from the lower face of the valve head 4| is a bracket 59, to which is pivoted a pair of parallel links 5| and 62, which in turn are pivoted to a link 63. 'Iherbracket 59 and links 6|, 62, and 63 form a parallelogram by which the link 63 may be made to move only parallel to itself. The link 83 carries a hood |54 and terminates in an eye 65 to which is secured a chain 58. Secured to the lower end of the chain 816 is a float 61. A vent 60 is provided in the hood 54 and also a slots 15 formed in the link 12.

number of spaced bosses 68 for the purpose of holding the oat 61 slightly spaced from the hood 54, thereby preventing the formation of a vacuum within the hood when the float is in its uppermost position and preventing the float from sticking to the hood. Since the hood 64 is secured to 'the link 63 and since the link 63 is permitted to move only parallel to itself, the rim of the hood will always maintain a, horizontal position, thus insuring the proper seating of the ball 51. Pivoted intermediate the ends of the link 5| is a push rod 59 arranged to operate through the bore 5| and carrying at its lower end a ball valve 1|. The primary purpose of the ball valve 1| is to prevent the entrance of `slurry into the valve head. To the upper end of the push. rod 59 is secured a forked link 12, the free ends of which are provided with vertically extending slots 13. Pivoted to the post 42 is a pair of U-shaped links 14 and 15. A

`lost motion connection is made between the link 14 and the forked link 12 by means of a pin 15 secured to the link 14 and passing through the This lost motion connection permits the link 14 to snap unhindered by the inertia of the push rod assembly and hood and permits the ball valve to seat if for any reason there is an abnormal rise of the slurry within the pump chamber. The link 15 carries a pin 11 to which are pivoted valve stems 18 and 19 (see Figure 6 for valve stem 19). Disposed within the upper ends of the bores 52 and 53 are cages 89 and 8| respectively. The cage 80 is provided with downwardly facing valve seats 82 and 83 adapted to receive ball valves 84 and 85 carried by the valve stem 18. The cage 8| is provided with upwardly extending valve seats 89 and 8? adapted to respectively receive ball valves 88 and'89 carried by the valve stem 19. Secured to either end of the pins 16 and 11 are a pair of coil springs 9| and 92. When the pump is being used for pumping relatively dense slurries it is advisable to maintain the slurryY within the lower part of the pump chamber in a state of agitation. This may be done by passing a nipple 93 through the cylindrical member 5 and attaching thereto a check valve 94 of the same type as used in connection with the slurry inlet and outlet of the pump. The end of this valve should be located immediately beneath the intake of the nipple 3|. The nipple 93 may be connected with any suitable source of fluid under suiicient pressure to produce a jet from the mouth of the check valve 94.

The operation of the displacement pump above described is as follows:

When the pump chamber is empty, the iloat 51 will be in its lowermost position and therefore the push rod 59 will also be in its lowermost position as shown in Figure 8. With the push rod |59 in this position, the links 'I4 and 15 will be held in their downwardly extending position by the action of the coil springs 9| and 92. The ball valves 84 and 85 will be in their fully open position while the ball valves 88 and 89 will be in their closed position. The pump chamber may therefore be placed under sub-atmospheric pressure by merely connecting the bore 55 to a suitable source of vacuum. Assuming that the source of pulp or slurry to which the conduit 28 is connected is under atmospheric pressure and is substantially at the level of the slurry intake valve, it will be seen that the pressure differential beg tween the exterior and interior of the pump will cause slurry to enter the pump chamber l f vacuum pump. vrangement schematically shown in connection Vbe made to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction about its pivotal point. As the link 'M moves in a counter-clockwise direction, the springs Si and 92 will pass ktheir dead center position and at this instant the link I4 will snap upwardly in a clockwisedirection, thereby seating the ball valves Sii and and unseating thel ball valves '88 and 89. Communication between the bore ii and the source of vacuum to which it is connected will therefore be cut off. If therefore the bore 55 is connected with a source of atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure, the pump chamber l will be emptied by forcing its contents through the outlet slurry valve. that the pump chamber is being discharged, the intake slurry valve will be held in its closed position as shown in Figure l by the outwardly directed dierential pressure, and due to the same force, the outlet-slurry valve is held in its open position.

The pump chamber is preferably made conical in shape so that it is being dscharged by gravity under atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure the greatest volume of vslurry within the pump chamber willhave a maximum static head acting on it.

To ll the pump chamber! with slurry, all

that is required is an inwardly directed differential pressure, and to empty the pump chamber all that .is requiredis an outwardly directed diferential pressure. Obviously .these differential pressuresmay be obtained by using atmospheric pressure in combination with sub-.atmospheric pressure, atmospheric pressure in combination with super-atmospheric pressure, or sub-atmospheric lpressure .in combination with super-atmospheric pressure. When the operating differential pressure is-obtained by the use of a combination of sub-atmospheric and super-atmospheric pressures it is desirable to ve-nt the pump chamber to atmosphere at the end of each working stroke in order to decrease the load on the This may be done by the arwith Figure 1. Inserted in the conduit HI connecting the vacuum port 55 with a source of vacuum is a check valve H2 and a diaphragm valve H3. The port 54 which as above described is in direct communication with the pump chamber i, is connected with the diaphragm valve H3 by the conduit iid. The valves H2 and H3 are so constructed and adjusted that when the pressure within the pump chamber I is greater than atmospheric, the check valve H2 will remain open, thereby establishing communication between the pump chamber and the atmosphere, and the valve i i3 will remain closed, thereby cutting oi the source of vacuum. When the pressure within the pump chamber has dropped to atmospheric the diaphragm valve H3 will open and the check valve will assume its closed position due to the action of the vacuum in the conduit i i l. It is felt that for one skilled in the act a further explanation oi the manner in which a differential pressure may be obtained is unnecball valve 'H to close the borey During the time essa-ry and'that the operation voifmy device willbe fully appreciated Vfromithe above description.

One of .the outstanding uses of a displacement pump of this character ,is for the purpose of `maintaining a constantliquid level in a tank is ,open to atmospherethe differential pressurel for Aoperating ithe displacement pump should be obtained by the use of atmospheric and sub-atmospheric pressura'that is, the port 55 should be connected to a source of vacuum and the port 55 to atmospheric pressure. In'operations of `this kind, although .the capacity of the tank 98 is of course many times greater than the displacement ofthe pump. thecapacity of the pump must exceedthe outflow from the tank.

In Figure 1G a'modied form of the displacement pump has l,been shown in which the pump chamber i!!! is formed by two oppositely disposed dish-shapedgmembers M32 and |03 bolted together through anges m4 and HB5. Secured between the anges LM and is a rubber diaphragm it, the central portion of which is .con-

nected to the Vlink E53 by means of the chain 166. Pivoted tothe link |63is'aiy0ke Mil adapted to engage the vcentral portion of the diaphragm IDS. The construction .of ithis modification is otherwise identical with that ofthe pump shown in Figures 1 through 9. It will vtherefore be seen that `the'upward:movement of the diaphragm M35 against theyoke lill will'cause the valves within thetvalve head iii ito operate inthe same manner as above described.

rThe term slurry as herein used designates ,any-'liquider mixture :of .liquids and solids capable of being handled .by the .pump as above `described.

I claim: .1. A displacement pumpcomprising: a pump .chamber provided at its lower end with a slurry inlet .and witha slurryoutlet; a float disposed within saidpump chamber; check valves assomaintaining the slurry content therein in a state of agitation.

2. A displacement pump comprising: a pump chamber provided at its lower end with a slurry inlet and with a slurry outlet; a float disposed within said pump chamber; check valves associated with said inlet and outlet; a pair of air valves associated with the upper end of said pump chamber; means associated with said air valves and said float for closing one of said air valves and opening the other when upper position and for reversing the relative positions of these valves when the float assumes. its lower position; and a uid jet associated with the lower part of said pump chamber for maintaining the slurry contained therein in a state of agitation.

3. A displacement pump comprising: a pump the iloat assumes its Y chamber, slurry inlet 'and outlet check valves associated with the lower end of said pump chamber, said valves being arranged to operate on the application of a diierential fluid pressure between the interior and exterior of said pump chamber; a valve head secured to the upper end of said pump chamber; a central support extending upwardly from said valve head; an air chamber formed above said Valve head and surround- Vadapted to seat in said seats; valve stems secured at one end tosaid valves and at the other to said levers; and a oat disposed in said pump chamber and connected with a Valve associated with said vertical passa'geway'by means of a lost motion connection.

4. A displacement pump comprising: a pump chamber; slurry inlet and outlet check valves associated with the lower end of said pump chamber, said valves being arranged to operate o-n the application of a differential uid pressure between the interior and exterior of said chamber; a valve head associated with the upper end of said pump chamber; an air chamber formed in said valve head; a passagewa;r in said valve head f communicating with a conduit which in turn communicates With a source of subatmospheric pressure, a second passageway in said valve head adapted to be placed in communication with a source of superatmospheric pressure; valves associated with each of said passageways; means associated with each of said valves for alternately opening and closing one of said passageways and closing and opening the other of said passageways in correlation with the slurry level in said pump chamber; a valve in said conduit responsive to the pressure within said air chamber; and a check valve in said conduit located between the valve and said air'chamber and permitting the escape of air from said air chamber when said air chamber is under super-atmospheric pressure.

5. A displacement pump comprising: a pump chamber; slurry inlet and outlet check valves associated with the lower end of said pump Vchamber, said valves being arranged to operate on the application of a`di1erential iiuid pressure between the interior and exterior of said pump chamber; a valve head associated With the upper end of said pump chamber; an air chamber formed in said valve head; a pair of air passageways in said valve head establishing communication between the exterior of said Valve head and said air chamber; valves associated with each of said passageways; snap action means disposed in said air chamber for opening and closing said last mentioned Valves; a float disposed in said pump chamber; a passageway establishing communication between said pump and air chambers; means operable by said float and through said last mentioned passageway for actuating said snap action means; and a valve for closing said last mentioned passageway when said float is in its uppermost position.

6. A displacement pump comprising: a pump chamber slurry inlet and outlet check Valves associated with the lower end of said pump chamber, said Valves being arranged to operate on the application of a diierential uid pressure between the interior and exteriorV of said pump chamber; a valve head associated with the upper end of said pump chamber; an air chamber formed inV said valve head; a pair of air passageways in said Valve head establishing communication between the exterior of said valve head and said air chamber; valves associated with each of said passageways; snap action means disposed in said air chamber for opening and closing said last mentioned valves; a iloat disposed in said pump chamber; a passageway establishing com-v munication between said pump and air chambers; lost motion means operable by said oat and through said last mentioned passageway for actuating said snap action means; and a valve for closing said last mentioned passageway whenf f said float is in its uppermost position.

ALFRED B. SABIN. 

